AWS Cloud Solutions Architect Associate Certification Tips- SAA-CO2

If you are reading this post then you are serious about getting certified as a AWS Cloud Solutions Architect, and looking for some exam tips. I was on the same boat as you are, but realized it was much easier than I anticipated.

I got certified on 22nd Jan 2022. below is my linked in profile. The reason for writing this blog is just to help my fellow techies.

https://www.linkedin.com/in/prashantroybasis/

I prepared through Udemy course by Stephane Marek for associate cloud architect. That video covers everything you need for passing the exam. (Quick Tip – Do not pay more than 15$ for buying this course on UDEMY, if its showing 89 or 100 $ when you add it to cart, just log out and relog in to UDEMY and you will see, it got reduced to 15 $ , if that does not happen, then try again after one or two hours, the price will come down).

The associate exam in reality is pretty straightforward and easier than it seems, because its really testing just basics.

But if you just want to pass the exam for now then here you go:

Make yourself comfortable with with aws terms and products. (Like Lamda, Just know that Lamda is a serverless structure on which you can put your own custom code or application, and have it run when you want it, without having to manage the hardware). Elastic Bean Stalk, and Cloud Formation.

Concept of Cloud Front (Cloud front is a service offered by AWS, To improve performance of an application, by setting up Cache across the world, the cache will store the static content like videos and images so the user request does not have to hit the database as often and in turn will improve the DB performance.)

S3 (different storage tiers) and when to use them. How would you communicate between s3 buckets in different accounts, or in different VPC or in different region without paying for data egress and ingress. (VPC end points)

Concept of Dockers (and what is EKS, FarGate). When to use which one.

Concept of decoupling application using SQS for implementing Queues. Concept of SNS for broadcasting notifications.

Kenisis and kenisis Fire hose. (For collecting Data from IoT and sending it to a storage location like S3 and then send it to a OLAP kind of DB (Redshift) for executing Analytics.

IAM policies, roles and principals.

VPC concept and how to communicate across VPC. Cross AZ and cross region. VPC endpoints and when to use them. What is vpc flow logs, what can you use them for. VPC peering, Transit Gateway.

How to transfer data from Onperm systems to AWS Cloud if you are migrating to cloud. (Concept of Data Sync, Direct Connect and SnowBall Family). And when to use what.

VPC Security – How to enable internet access for your applications, in EC2 instances that are in Private Subnet (Create a NAT Gateway in a Public Subnet, and connect it to the Internet Gateway using Routing Table, and this IGW is connected to the VPC, the IGW enables internet access).

ALB vs NLB, when to use which one?

What is aws organization vs aws billing cockpit vs aws budget ( how you can see a consolidated view of all your accounts and manage costs).

Concept of Cloud watch, cloud trail (for audit) .

Different AWS databases and when to use which- (Read about what are Read Replicas, and when to use them).

OLTP Databases:

RDS (My SQL, Oracle, Postgre) , Aurora (Bigger and more Robust and more expensive RDS).

Dynamo DB (In Memory , No SQL DB)

OLAP DB –  RedShift(use it when Analytics come into picture).

EC2 instances and concept of Placement of EC2 instances (Cluster , Spread and Partition). What are SPOT instances and when to use them, What are On Demand Instances and what are Dedicated vs Reserved instance.

What is DataSync (Data Sync Agents) vs Direct Connect

Concept of Sharing custom made services (SaaS based applications) without having to incur Egress and Ingress data costs. (VPC End Points).

What is AWS Shield Advanced (Use it when you want to protect your network from DDOS attacks) that’s all you need to know about AWS Shield (I gave you one question straight from certification 😉)

If you get the above topics, you are going to pass the exam with more than 90 % score Guaranteed.

Crime against women in India

India has a rape culture rooted in it deeply, women are not seen as individuals but rather as objects or possessions, women who have been raped are seen as “damaged goods” who then suffer further afterwards.

While there are laws on the books to protect victims of rape, these laws are often not enforced, especially when the perpetrator is from a more powerful caste or is wealthier than the person who was raped, there is often a failure to properly gather evidence from rape victims and to care for them afterwards, and there is little legal assistance for them.
This sends a message that if you hurt someone sexually, there’s a good chance you’ll get away with it.

Why does a Rape crime happen?

  1. Political Rapes or Honor Rapes – Because women are not seen as individuals but rather as objects or possessions,
    rape is sometimes committed to seek revenge against an enemy. Or to take away the family’s honor by taking away the
    honor of a women in the family. Or may be out of rage as a way to hurt the enemy emotionally.
  2. Because of a Mental sickness that arises due to hyper-sexualized perceptions of women, which is a theme in rape culture.
    The great Indian cinema contributes to this to a large extent. The vulgar lyrics and videos that gets through to elementary
    school kids plants the seed in them and scars them for life. In this kind of rape usually its highly likely that the person
    who is caught has not done the crime for the first time.
  3. Frustration – People who are not in correct frame of mind, who are not treated right always and keep receiving scoldings and
    are being overpowered by more powerful throughout the day and day after day(daily wage laborers, truck drivers, house maids etc),
    keep building up frustration within them, and when they get someone weaker whom they can overpower, they end up taking all that out.
    They do not have access to mental health and are roaming around every where with serious mental condition.

What can we do to improve the situation?

Treat everyone with due respect as much as humanely possible.

Somehow our socity needs to start discussing more about “How not to rape?” instead of “How not to get raped?”
Somehow Set the standard for respectful behavior towards women, so people understand what’s expected of them.

When rape occurs, it is normally when the perpetrator finds a victim that is either alone or away from any protection of
family, spouses or away from the public eye.
Which is why, it does not matter what kind of cloths the victem was wearing or was she drinking or not.

Make it clear that all citizens have a role to play in keeping the country safe – and that enablers and failed gatekeepers are rapists themselfs when stay silent or look the other way.

Take swift and decisive action when wrongdoing has occurred, Having a consistent and fair process that applies to everyone will help to restore a degree of faith in the system.

Societies where Rape is almost non existent:
There are societies in which rape is almost non-existent, such as the Minangkabau of Indonesia. The society of Minangkabau has an Islamic religious background of complementarianism and places a greater number of men than women in positions of religious and political power. The culture is also matrilineal, so inheritance and proprietorship pass from mother to daughter (not from father to son).
The society of Minangkabau exhibits the ability of societies to eradicate rape without social equity of genders.
Thus if the power is given to women, the respect for women increases? and rate of crime against women decrease? Is it all about Power? Feel free to comment..

Health in Birth Chart

This Article is just to give a basic understanding of how to check health in birth Chart.

Most important houses in the Kundali as per Astrology.

First House (Ascendant):

This house represents self, whole body, age, mind, life and fitness. So, we must check three things here.

  1. What is the ascendant sign and who is the owner of the sign.
  2. Where the owner of the ascendant is located in the horoscope.
  3. Are another planets in the ascendant.

If the ascendant lord is located at inauspicious place in horoscope (like in 6th , 8th or 12th house or house of enemy), then it says that disease may come during certain period of time (Transits)  (even if the ascendant lord is powerful). Also, if malefic planet like Saturn, Raahu, Ketu are situated in the ascendant , they may give diseases and bad result also.

The Sixth house:

This house is known for Loan, bad dets and illness. This is considered as a bad place in birth chart. If the owner of this house is weak and have less malefic influence, it is good for healthy life. More powerful lord of this house creates troubles in health. Hence, in general it is considered the best if malefic planets like Saturn, Raahu and Ketu are situated in sixth house. And if auspicious planets like Sun, Moon, Jupiter, Venus etc.. are located in this house , it calls for ill health.

The 8th House:

This house represents life force and longevity of age. This place and lord of this house should be strong for a long life. This house should be free from bad influence for better and healthy life. Auspecious planets should not be here for good fitness and long life.

Moon Ascendant:

Besides of main ascendant, the house and sign in which Moon is located is considered as moon ascendant also. The moon and Moon ascendant sign should be strong enough for good and healthy life.

Transit of Planet:

An astrologer should examine the current transit and inter transit in a horoscope so that the prediction can be made for health. Generally, the transit of ascendant lord gives good result in all sector of life including health and transit of malefic planets gives problems and illness during their transit.

Three Rules:

  1. Examine The lord planet of the body part, the horoscope house related to the body part and position and influence on the lord planet of the related house.
  2. Examine the ascendant, the Moon, 6th and 8th house and running transit. Especially, illness may occur during transit of planet which is related to the body part.
  3. Each house and each planet corresponds to a particular part of the body, if the house or planet has malefic impact, the body part may influence badly and strong power and good influence of ascendant owner, the Moon and auspicious planets give good ability to deal in life and health. Remember, strong anscedant lord, malefic influence free 6th and 8th houses help to be healthy and reduce the force of deseases and help to remove illness.

In Health Predictions, which house is signifies Which Body Part

Which Graha (Planet) Rules which Body Part:

Which Sign (Rashi) rules which body Parts:

Which Nakshatra rules which Body Part:

All about RAFAEL Deal between Dassault and India

What is the RAFAEL Deal issue? What is the controversy all about? What are the details of Deal made by Manmohan Singh and what are the details of the deal Done by Modi?

If you are interested, then please read on, This Article just has the facts no Views, so please read the article and make your own Views.

First of All, we need to know that at this point Indian Air Force need more than 200 Medium Fighter Aircrafts, as confirmed by IAF Chief Arup Raha.

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-needs-about-200-250-rafales-to-maintain-edge-iaf-chief-arup-raha/articleshow/56220622.cms

Now lets go back to the beginning of the Rafael Deal:

On 28 AUG 2007 – Govt decided to buy 126 MMRCA flights. MMRCA- Medium multi role Combat Aircraft.

In May 2011, 2 fighter jets were shortlisted –

1. EOROFIGHTER TYCOON

2. DASSAULT RAFALE

30 January 2012 – Negotiations started with Dassault. (Simply because the Bid of Dassault was lowest).

https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/france-to-sell-rafale-figher-jet-to-india/2012/01/31/gIQAehYEfQ_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.7c10369c1619

What was the deal being Negotiated?

Deal 1. Original Deal :-

Deal was about 126 Rafael fighter jets, out of which 18 were supposed to be sold ready made to India, right away. (Basically these 18 jets will be manufactured in France and delivered as is to india in a ready to fly condition).

Rest of the 108 aircraft were supposed to be manufactured in India by HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited). Basically the ask was that DASSAULT will transfer the technology to HAL, and HAL will use follow that and manufacture the aircraft in India.

Transfer of technology is very important because if HAL can get the technology then it can independently built the aircraft, and will be no dependency on French and Indian political relations or DASSAULT aviation company. The cost of this Deal in total was supposed to be 54 thousand Crore Rs.

3 March 2014 – workshare agreement got signed between DASSAULT and HAL. Based on which it was decided that 70 % of the work will be done by HAL employees in India and 30 % of work will be done by DASSAULT employees in India.

https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/a-big-step-in-indias-rafale-jet-deal-with-france-552565

The negotiations, on the technology transfer aspect were going on longer , obviously because DASSAULT and HAL had disagreements on many aspects.
India wanted Dassault to ensure the quality of aircraft produced by HAL, but Dassault refused to do so. (Basically HAL wanted to make sure that as part of technology transfer the full technology is transferred and no loop holes are left, by making Dassault Responsible for the same). Which Dassault never agreed upon. Dassault gave grantee on only the 18 planes that were made in France and was not ready to give any assurance on the planes that were to be manufactured in India.

In Feb 2015, Dassault received order from Egypt for a higher price per aircraft, and hence they could afford to keep Indian order on hold while working on orders from other countries, hence the negotiations kept lingering on.

Indian Government switched in between, and BJP came to Power.

25 March 2015 – DASSAULT CEO confirmed that the 95% of paperwork has been completed.

https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/national/watch-congress-releases-video-of-dassault-ceo-eric-trappier-saying-on-march-23-2015-that-deal-with-hal-for-rafale-almost-done

On 8 Apriil 2015 – Indian foreign minister said, Negations are continuing between DASSAULT and India.

Deal 2. New Rafael Deal –

After 2 days, PM Narendra Modi went to France and met DASSAULT CEO, and suddenly a joint statement from Indian Government and DASSAULT came out.

That the new deal is, India will buy 36 Rafael jets, all in ready made fly away condition (made in France) for 59 thousand crore INR. Manohar Parrikar said for 126 planes the total cost will be 90 thousand crore, which is contradicting the statements given by Arun Jaitley as the government is now only talking about the 36 fighter jets, no talks or questions are being answered about rest of the planes.

Opposition Parties Raised questions,

Question 1 – how did PM Modi approved the all new Rafael deal without consulting or getting an approval from Cabinet committee of security? After all India is a democracy and not under dictatorship of PM.

Question 2 – what about the old deal where 108 Aircraft were supposed to be made in India by HAL?

On 13 April 2015, The then Defense Minister Manohar Parrikar issued a statement, that PM Modi took the decision and I back it up.

https://www.news18.com/news/politics/parrikar-backs-narendra-modis-deal-to-buy-36-rafale-jets-says-its-good-for-india-981723.html

On 23 Sept 2016, the New Rafael deal was signed off between Government of India and Dassault. (questions 1, and 2 are not answered yet)

https://www.defensenews.com/global/asia-pacific/2016/09/23/india-inks-deal-with-france-for-36-rafale-fighter-jets/ 

Why is the controversy arising saying that the Modi government is favoring Reliance group of industries?

1. On 25th and 28th March , two new companies formed, (Just before the New Rafael deal was signed).

   -> Adani defense systems and technologies Limited (March, 25th 2015)

   -> Reliance Defense Limited (March 28 2015).

2. On 10th April, Dassault released a statement that said the configuration of the aircrafts along with weapons on the aircraft will be the same that was decided in the Original Deal.

The new deal also has a 50% Offset clause on the 59 thousand crore deal, which states that if India buys aircrafts worth 60 thousand crore from Dassault then Dassault has to invest 30 thousand crore in India. Dassault can choose on its own will where it wants to invest that money and with which company.

Anil Ambani’s company (Reliance Defense Limited) announced a joint venture with Dassault. The name of this company is Dassault Reliance Aerospace.

On 21 June 2017, a report in Business Line said that out of the 30 thousand crore INR that Dassault was supposed to invest in India, 21 thousand INR will be invested in this Joint venture.

https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/reliance-defence-corners-offset-contracts-worth-21000-crore-on-rafale-deal/article9732240.ece

On Sept 2018, French President François Hollande(Presidential term: May 15, 2012 – May 14, 2017) , said that Modi government has chosen Relience as an Offsite partner. We never got any choice.

A few days later Dassault said that the information by French President is incorrect, and Dassault themself chose Relience and Modi government had no say in it.

Present french Government, finally said that the french government has nothing to do with this deal, its between Dassault and Relience.

13 Sept 2018, Nirmala Sitaraman (Defence minister of India) said that Indian Government has not given any suggestion to Dassult, they choose relience by their own free choice.

21 October 2018, Dassault CEO said, only 10% offset obligations will be invested with Relience, rest of the money will be invested in 100 different companies.

(We will have to wait and watch how uch money is being invested by Dassault in relience).

Now what is the Controversy about the price??

Deal number 1, For the original deal India would pay 54 thousand crore INR for 126 Fighter Jets. (Average cost per plane 523 crore INR per plane)

This included the 18 ready to fly made in France fully loaded Planes with weapons + the Technology that India was buying from Dassault + the cost of making the planes in HAL.

Deal Number 2, is costing 59 thousand crore for 36 Fighter Jets. (Average cost per plane 1638 crore INR for each plane)

This includes the cost of 36 ready to fly made in France fully loaded planes with weapons.

Deal 1 appears to be cheaper because we were only buying 18 ready made planes, the rest of the cost was for the technology and the estimated cost of making planes in in India.

So, if 108 planes were manufactured in india, the average cost of each plane would be 523 crore. Plus India will have the technology, so at time of crises India can build their Own planes of same quality without depending on any other company or country. If we could have got the technology we could have built more planes in India Reducing the cost per plane even further.

Deal 2, appears to be expensive because we are getting only 36 planes fully loaded planes, but they are made in France in a ready to fly condition, for 59 thousand crore, This means each plane is 1638 INR, which is more than double the cost of Deal number 1. We are not getting the technology, and building nothing in India, HAL gets nothing.

So, the obviously the common sense says, if you really want to compare the deals just based on each plane and nothing else, then you have to find the price of just the

18 fully loaded planes in Deal number 1 and the cost of 36 fully loaded planes in deal 2. and then determine the price of each plane in both deals and then decide which one s better.

This is what has been asked and the case is in Supreme court now. Decision is yet to come. 

What happened to Humanity?

What happened to the humanity? did we change or were we like this since ever?

Leaders are fighting for power.. people are fighting for leaders.. religion a concept to instill peace and belief in people.. has been converted to a weapon just because it helps to mobilize large no. Of people quickly for a purpose).. misguided people killing people for no real reason.. democracy is corrupt.. communists are even more corrupt.. capitalists have their own kind of higher level corruption.. soon oceans will have more plastic than fish.. atmosphere more polluted than ever before.. nobody really cares.. each one of us have our own agenda or just fighting for day to day survival.. and all this within last 60,70 years .. while we co existed with nature since thousands of years.. what went wrong?

Lets go a few thousand years back..

Thousands of years ago until, it was about survival we humans lived just like animals…

in small groups, hunting and eating together.. time passed by.. we figured farming.. and communities grew bigger.. Back then we fought over food, land and survival.

We were nomads.. the tribe had to move once the resources are perished, and when the tribes reached new places where resources were abundant, they would have to compete with other tribes that are already there and would not allow the new ones to share.. Fights would broke out.. Many killed..

And finally agreements, slowly after years.. the tribes will get merged so much that its hard to distinguish which were which.. and they become one community..

Within the tribes off course one has to lead.. Who will lead..? the first leader will be a genuine leader.. but after that.. his next generations would lead..

That brings in the conflict again.. There could be several offspring’s.. or several aspiring leaders from outside the family..

In case of several offspring’s… the offspring will either go on killing spree (to win more land) to prove themselves or would kill the other siblings to get the crown..

This is the story that keeps getting repeated over and over again..

Lets take a look at world history:

Any animals who live in community like wolfs, they are extremely territorial. Same is the case with humans..

In the ancient world multiple small tribes or kingdoms were there.. they were fighting among each other.. but largely were segregated in small groups of people staying in a community or group in a particular area..

 Then came Alexander III “The Great” from Macedon and changed the world. He went on an unprecedented wild rampage  through Asia and northeast Africa killing millions of people just because he could (as he inherited an experienced and strong army). Was taught by Aristotle from the age of 13 till age of 16 and at age 20 went out to win the world.. and for next 10 years just kept doing that.. and once he was done at the age of 30 he died.. His death was followed by series of civil wars.. and whatever he did through out his life.. soon got divided again as it had been before.. the difference was now all the small kingdoms were being ruled by his generals..

So, in summary as soon as he grew up, he went out and killed millions of people.. occupied vast area of land(most of which was not inhabited at that time) with his great army, renamed a bunch of cities (about 20) as Alexandria and then placed his army generals to rule the places and died.

Alexander “The Great” – Basically killed millions of people for what?

At the end what did he gain?

Because of Alexanders 10 years of campaign, Persia, Egypt, Asia saw drastic changes..

After Alexander’s Death:

One of Alexander’s generals Ptolemy declared himself as Pharaoh of Egypt (King of Egypt) , Ruled Egypt for three centuries until Cleopetra VII died.. This Kingdom started with Bloodshed and ended with Bloodshed.. (The Ptolemy had nothing to do with Pyramids.. the Pyramids were built by original Egyptian Kings during the age of Pyramids about 2500 years before Alexander and his generals).

General, Seleucids controls Babylon and Syria,

General, Antipater and his son Cassander control Macedon and Greece,

General, Antigonus controls Phrygia and other parts of Asia Minor,

General, Lysimachus controls Thrace and Pergamum,

 General, Eumenes controls the Cappadocia and Pontus areas.

Judea and Syria are annexed by Ptolemy and he gives Judea a large measure of self-government.

General, Eudemus makes himself master of the territories of the Indian king Porus, and treacherously puts the great indian king to death.            

The only information available on Porus is from Greek sources. Greek Historians mention in their history that Porus was defeated by Alexander. The Battle of the Hydaspes with Indian King Porus was the last Battle that Alexander fought after which he decided to end the campaign.

The historians were Greek who served Alexander, so they noted whatever made their King Happy.. On this ground many historians argue that King Porus of India actually Won the Battle and Alexander after his first defeat withdrew his campaign, because King Porus would never let him cross his territory anyways.       

 After Alexanders death Porus was Assassinated by Eudemus.

Now in Indian subcontinent :

-> Chandra Gupt Maurya and Chanakya – Built up their own army and fought so many wars.. Chanakya planned.. Chandragupta executed.. and built a huge empire.. again for what?

Just because Chanakya’s lust for power and Ego? millions of people killed..

-> After Chandra Gupta, Bindusara  Became King and then his son Ashoka..

Ashoka Killed all his siblings and millions of people for his lust for power.

Then Changez Khan Showed up , and went on the path of Alexander , he even named himself as next alexander. He was a Mongol, and from Mongols came the Mughals..

The Mughals Invaded India and Ruled for 3 centuries..

Then came the East India Company and British Rule.. They ruled fot 2 centuries..

In the mean time , in the western world The british, the French, Portuguese colonists landed in North America  , and started killing the Native people (the red indians).. and tried to settle themselves.. but fond it hard to do all the hardwork by themselves as there were very few farmers.. so they found Africa.. and started bringing Africans as Slaves.. Made the farmers landlords and had the slaves work for them.. they did not care if Slaves would die, there were thousands more.. Slaves were exploited inhumanely in every possible or impossible way..

Slowly, the British  occupied the whole country and Bought Alaska from Russia and established America.

America being majorly ruled by aristocrats has always been a capitalist country and against communist countries like Russia and China..

We did not talk much about china because China has been mostly ruled by the same dynasty for many years.. until recent history.. But Chinese history is also as crewel if not more as other part of the world..

The Xia dynasty 2070–1600 BC, then the Shang Dynasty, then the Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BC), China’s last dynasty was the Qing (1644–1912) which was replaced by the Republic of China in 1912, and in the mainland by the People’s Republic of China in 1949, resulting in two de facto states claiming to be the legitimate government of all China.

Coming back to India-

Before British Rule, The rulers who were ruling india were Hindu Kings.. Mughal’s had a different set of beliefs.. and called themselves Muslims..

While Mughals ruled, they suppressed Hindus additional Taxes on Hindus were put on , if they wanted to go to a temple etc..

When British started ruling.. The Hindus and Muslims became united for a while.. and protested.. Since then british raj tried to divide and rule the indians.. based on religious beliefs..

In France , French Revolution happened against the King.. and gave birth to Nepolian.. he also compared himself to Alexander.. and Killed thousands of people for the lust of power..

Hitler happened in Germany and Killed Millions of people for lust of power.

Then the second World War happened.. British powers became weak.. and were not able to sustain their rule in india and decided to retreat..

Here in India, Leaders gave the full credit for independence to themselves.. They did had Large influence but biggest chunk of credit goes to WW 2.

Anyways, During the protest also Indians were not united.. there were Naram Dal, Garam Dal and then Subhash Chandra Bose.. Shubhash Chandra Bose was a whole different league.. he created his own government and currency(with his face on Notes) in parallel with indian Govt.. 

SC Bose was supported by Hitler and Japan.. In WW2 both were defeated badly , putting an end to SC Bose’s plans.. and he was reported to be dead in a plane crash too.. If the result of WW2 was different and Germany,Itlay and Japan would have won then world would be different today.. India would have got an Army General as its leader.. just like Hitler for Germany , Mussolini for Italy and Hideki Tojo of Japan.. we would get Subhas Chandra Bose an aggressive army general as Leader of India.

From History we can easily see, what has been the fate of nations where the war lords have become leaders and made policies for the countries, since the Alexander era.. Anyways that did not happen and India ended up in hands of Peaceful leader Mahatma Gandhi, and the policies of India were based on Peace and Based on upliftment of Indian citizens first and not much though was given to defense.. As a result we ran into China and Pakistan occupying several parts of India.. in 1947 -48 we ended up with POK and Kashmir issue with Pakistan.. and China who is always trying to invade other countries occupied indian lands till Aksai Chin in 1948 .. 

I salute Nehru and Gandhi who decided not to fight over lands that are not inhabited largely and cause much more deaths… At somepoint somebody has to stop the unnecessary killings of humans .. But that also had its repercussions..

again in 1962 China invaded india and Ended up in Indo Cino (1962) war for occupying the North Eastern lands in India.. for this part India had to retaliate because these lands were inhabited and had citizes on India staying here.. USA helped India during Indo Cino war not because US supported Indian policies.. but because the leaders in USA are in Opposition of Communist Policies (China/Russia are mainly Communist contries and hence US is against these countries fundamentally)..

Going back to 1938..

Now, Md. Ali Jinnah started his own Muslim League and demanded a saperate country.. in 1947 partition of the country happened.. India was divided into two parts.. India and Pakistan.. Pakistan again had two parts West Pakistan and East Pakistan.. in Between India was there.. Later on in 1971 as part of Bangladesh Liberation War., Pakistan again got divided into two parts.. West Pakistan remains Pakistan and east Pakistan becomes Bangladesh.. Humans got a chance to kill each other.. and Millions of people got killed while the country was getting divided.. Ever since independence Pakistan has been used by USA/China/Russia and became a home to terrorists (like laden, hijbul mujahiddin)..

China played its cards at that time and invaded and occupied Aksai chin, Pakistani Dakoits supported by Pakistani Soldiers invaded and Occupied portions of Kashmir.. now called as Pak Occupied Kashmir.. People are still killing people for Land and for Power like in old days when we were nomads.. Now its just at a much larger scale with weapons of mass destruction..

And this is the present day.. Syrians are getting Killed for the fight of power, China is threatening the whole world just for power.. North Korea, USA, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Turky, Saudi Arabia , Japan every country has its own disputes and finding reasons to kill people.. Just like in Nomadic era..

We as humans have a tendency to glorify the leaders who  were essentially ego centric and maniacs and killed millions of people for nothing.. Like Alexander, Mussolini, Hitler, Cheng Kai Shek, Nepolian and so on.. We want to become like them.. the definition of success is to get ahead of everyone else and be on the top.. That’s because the ones on the top make us feel inferior so we think being on top will be great.. from there we can make others feel inferior… the Ego war keeps going on and on..

We need to understand that no body is small or big or inferior or superior.. yes every individual is different.. and has his/her own capabilities and limitations.. and at the end everyone wants to be happy..

We don’t really understand what will give us happiness.. its different for everyone..

For some its satisfying their EGO(I am the greatest) (This includes jealousy, hate , vengeance, arrogance, “ambition”).. for some its lust.. for some its love.. for some its Mental Peace..

PS- (take example of a doctor or engineer) Ambition is in quotes because, everyone has an ambition to become the best. Best means greater or higher then everyone else.. in this socity higher or better or best is defined by how much money one is making.. if the ambition is to make more money by becoming better then it’s EGO..

If the ambition is to become best so as to serve people with much better efficiency than to me it’s a +ve emotion and not EGO. And This is what humanity is about and this is the point where it will mark our evolution to next level.

In the nutshell nothing has changed.. The only thing that has changed is Information.. Information and knowledge is much more easily available, We are more aware and can see and react to more easily.. but Nothing really has changed..

Probably we should just accept this and Move on..

Technology and medical science is advancing very fast, the science of powerful and precise artificial limbs is developing fast.. soon it will be possible to 3D print super efficient organs too.. Humans will be soon able to replace their body parts by choice to upgrade themselves to become super humans or a better form of themselves.. Soon a day will come when humans will be able to upload their brains on a central computer and our full bodies will be artificial.. if one body gets damaged.. we just download the brain to a different body.. and life goes on.. no body ever dies and no body is ever born.. Logic is the government.. May be that situation will be more Humane than Humans..

History of India – Before It was India

History of land area known as India in todays world:

If you want to understand about India , you must first learn about history of India. All facts no views. This Blog is is intended to shed some light on History of India till the point of British Raj.

The area that constitute India was ruled by different kings before it was captured by British. Even when British was in power there were a lot of Indian Kingdoms managed their own business obviously under the framework establish by British government. It should also be kept in mind that even before British some parts of the said territory was under the domination of European powers such as French, Dutch etc. 

The following empires ruled India in chronological order, since 500 BC. From the table below, you can clearly see that these empires coexisted together and were ruling different parts of India. So, the concept of India as a single land Mass was officially never there before 1858.

Empire From To
Pandyan Empire 500 BC 1350
Nanda Empire 450 BC 350 BC
Chola Dynasty 350 BC 1279
Macedonian Empire 334 BC 323 BC
Mauryan Empire 321 BC 185 BC
Seleucid Empire 312 BC  63 BC
Chera Dynasty 300 BC 300
Satavahana Dynasty 230 BC 220
Shunga Empire 185 BC  73 BC
Kushan Empire 30 345
Gupta Empire 320 350
Hephthalite Empire 420 567
Chalukya Dynasty 543 753
Gurjara-Pratihara 600 1136
Empire of Harsha 606 647
Pala  Empire 750 1174
Rashtrakuta Dynasty 753 982
Tibetan Empire 755 870
Saffarid Dynasty 867 1002
Ghaznavid Dynasty 963 1187
Western Chalukya Empire 973 1189
Hoysala Empire 1026 1343
Ghurid Dynasty 1148 1215
Delhi Sultanate 1206 1527
Ilkhanate 1256 1335
Khilji Dynasty 1290 1320
Vijayanagara Empire 1336 1646
Bahmani Sultanate         1347 1527
Danish colonial empire 1350 1953
Portuguese Empire 1415 1999
Lodi Sultanate 1451 1526
Ahmadnagar Sultanate      1490 1636
Safavid Dynasty 1501 1736
Mughal Empire 1526 1858
French colonial empires 1534 1980
Dutch Empire 1568 1975
Gorkha Empire 1600 1850
Maratha Empire 1674 1818
British East India Company 1757 1857
Sikh Empire  1799 1849
British Raj 1858 1947
Dominion of India 1947 1950
Dominion of Pakistan 1947 1956

Because we just want to understand how India was formed, we don’t really have to go too much back in the past. Before 1771 most of the land mass which is known as India today, was ruled by Mughals.

How East India Company Entered in India?

After several attempts to open trade with a powerful ruler of India failed in the earliest years of the 1600s, King James I of England sent a personal envoy, Sir Thomas Roe, to the court of the Mogul emperor Jahangir in 1614.

The emperor was incredibly wealthy and lived in an opulent palace. And he was not interested in trade with Britain as he couldn’t imagine the British had anything he wanted.

Roe, recognizing that other approaches had been too subservient, was deliberately difficult to deal with at first. He correctly sensed that earlier envoys, by being too accommodating, had not gained the emperor’s respect. Roe’s stratagem worked, and the East India Company was able to establish operations in India.

The Mogul Empire had been established in India in the early 1500s, when a chieftain named Babur invaded India from Afghanistan. The Moguls (or Mughals) conquered most of northern India, and by the time the British arrived the Mogul Empire was immensely powerful.

One of the most influential Mogul emperors was Jahangir’s son Shah Jahan, who ruled from 1628 to 1658. He expanded the empire and accumulated enormous treasure, and made Islam the official religion. When his wife died he had the Taj Mahal built as a tomb for her.

The Moguls took great pride in being patrons of the arts, and painting, literature, and architecture flourished under their rule.

Europe and India to 1760

In the 18th century the population of Europe was in the region of 180 million, and the population of India was in the region of 200 million. 

In the early part of the 18th century the Moghul Empire in India was splitting into its constituent parts.  There were wars in India between Muslim and Hindu states, as there were wars in Europe between Protestant and Catholic states.   There were wars between  Muslim states in India as there were wars between Protestant states like Holland and Britain in Europe.  There were poor Indian states and there were very rich Indian states.  There was probably as much sense of “Indianness” as there was of “Europeanness”–meaning not much of either.  In the interstices between states and cities,  life was dangerous in both subcontinents.   

The richest Indian states were richer than the richest European sates.  The poorest Indian states were probably on a par with the poorest European states.  The peasants of rich states in India were probably better off than the peasants of rich states in Europe  

In other words there were similarities between the sub continent of India and the sub continent of Europe.  There were however critical differences between European “states” and Indian “states”

For the previous two hundred years, despite intra family squabbling, the Moghul Empire had maintained most of India in relative peace.  Akbar’s strategy of including all religions in his government and not interfering with the internal affairs of subject Hindu states like the Rajputs and the Maharttas, was followed reasonably well by his heirs until Aurangzeb in the late 17th century. 

Revenue generation in the Moghul system was based on land taxes and on excise taxes–taxes on goods moving across certain boundaries.  The tax to be paid on land was assessed as a percentage of the crops generated, and was generally paid in specie–often in silver.  Taxes paid by the peasants generally were less than a third of the crop value.  The amount of taxation varied according to the state of the harvest with taxes decreasing in times of famine.  Assessment and collection was done by “zamindars” people who were appointed at the pleasure of the Emperor. These zamindars were not land owners–all land belonged to the Emperor–but they were extremely powerful and had other responsibilities like raising soldiers in time of war.   As long as the taxes were paid the central government in Delhi did not interfere with local customs.  Hindus had their own laws and court system, and Muslims had their separate law and court system.

The Moghul system could be loosely compared to a  Federal system of self governing states where responsibility for external affairs like war, were handled by a weak central government.  The system worked well for the generation of wealth in a stable rural system.  For most of the villages of India this was precisely the situation in the 16th, and 17th centuries, and had been thus for much of the subcontinent’s history.  The system did not lead to militarily strong individual states.

For the states of Europe, however the situation was exactly the reverse.  Since the breakdown of the Holy Roman Empire and most particularly since the Reformation in the 15th century, Europe had been involved in a “European civil war”.  At the end of the 17th century the winners of these wars were clearly France and Britain with Spain and Portugal beginning to lag behind.  The first three of these states had developed strong central governments.  The revenue generated by their colonies in the Americas gave them the luxury of developing bleeding edge military technology–particularly naval and gunnery systems with which to attack each other and to subdue their colonies in the Americas. 

In the middle of the 18th century a prosperous, relatively self sufficient group of militarily weak states on the subcontinent of India faced the two most militarily powerful and acquisitive states in the world–Britain and France.  In the succeeding 150 years the entire subcontinent of India would be conquered by Britain using mainly Indian forces

In 1756 the “Black Hole of Calcutta” incident ocurred when the young and inexperienced Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud Daula, attacked the HEIC post in Calcutta.

The incident caused a paroyxsm  of mass patriotism in Britain, and Robert Clive was despatched from South India  to Bengal to avenge the slight.

The rival claimants to the Bengal “throne”–Mir Jaffar and Siraj ud Daulah were backed by Britain and France respectively.  The British prevailed in 1757, at the battle of Plassey, with the help of Hindu bankers (the Seths) who bribed the allies of Siraj not to fight. Plassey and the later battle at Buxar  were the defining events in the shift of effective power from Moghul Bengali Nawabs to HEIC(Honorable East India Company). 

At the Peace of Paris (1763) that ended the Seven Years’ War, the Anglo French conflicts in Europe, America and Asia were ended. So far as India was concerned, the following terms were agreed:

  1. the French agreed to use their stations at Pondicherry, Mahé and Chandernagore only as trading posts and not to maintain troops there
  2. the French recognised the British-supported rulers in the Carnatic and the Deccan
  3. the British East India Company controlled the provinces of the Carnatic (with its capital at Madras) and Bengal (capital, Calcutta).

In 1764 the native princes of Bengal and Oudh combined to try to eject the British but their revolt was crushed by Clive; the Company extended its influence over the province of Oudh. 

The year 1765 marks the real beginning of the British Empire in India as a territorial dominion. HEIC had overwhelmingly defeated Indian forces struggling for independence of European control. The company had become a government as well as a trader. However, the Company clung to the idea that it was still only a trading company and refused to admit that it had territorial responsibilities. Huge areas of India were acquired by the Company, not by the British government. Company officials were trained to buy and sell, to run warehouses and offices and to deal with book-keeping. They were not trained to govern. The British government gradually took over from the Company the right to govern vast provinces of India.

In 1767, Parliament passed laws in which

  • the British government regulated the amount of dividends the Company could pay to 10%
  •  the Company was required to pay £400,000 for two years to the Treasury
  •  if the dividend fell below 6% the Company was not obliged to pay the annual subsidy to the government 
  • it had to export a fixed amount of British goods to India.
  • the Company was allowed to keep its possessions.

Although the Company paid lucrative dividends, and its servants (the so-called “nabobs”) took fortunes from India, its finances generally were unsound. The military and administrative costs, plus the debt to the Treasury imposed heavy burdens which a private company was unable to carry.

Between 1770 and 1772 famine devastated Eastern India due to the depredations of HEIC employees. In the region of 5 -10 million Indians died, and as a result the territorial revenues accruing to the company declined by £400,000. At the same time its military costs rose by over £160,000. This period also saw  economic stagnation and trade depression in Europe. These factors combined to bring the HEIC to near bankruptcy.  The Company’s directors appealed to parliament for financial aid which led to the passing of the Tea Act in 1773. Although this was intended to assist the HEIC, it led to the Boston Tea Party and the start of the American War of Independence.

Parliament passed the Regulating Act for India (1773). This was the first step along the road to government control of India. A system was established whereby the government supervised the work of the HEIC but did not take power for itself. 

From 1771 to 1818 (Maratha Empire, central India)

The immediate predecessor of East India Company was The Maratha Confederation. This confederation was headed by the Peshwa (PM) as de facto ruler and the Chatrapati (Emperor) as the de jure ruler. The last Peshwa with power was Baji Rao ll who was defeated by EI Co in 1818 and the last emperor with power was Pratapasingh.
 
It was a confederation of five states, the total area of which was 28 lakh km sqs at its peak time (the same of Republic of India is 32 lakh km sqs). The five confederating units were the Holkars of Indore and Malwa, Gaekwads of Baroda, Schindhias of Gwalior and Ujjain, Bhonsales of Nagapur, Puars of Dhar and Dewas. They were all associate states who were reporting to the Chatrapathi and Peshwa. The local rulers of the federating units of the Maratha empire were called “Raja” whereas the word Maharaja was synonymous to Chatrapathi, thus denoting latter’s supremacy over the former’s. Raigad was the federal capital whereas Peshwa government’s HQ was Pune. The flag was Bhagavadwaj. The 1st Chatrapati was Shivaji and the last (with power) was Pratapasingh. The Maratha Empire collapsed in 1818 after the 3rd Anglo-Maratha war. 

The  power of Mughals declined gradually in the second half of 18th century ending in the collapse of the empire. By 1771, The Maratha Empire was designated as the protectors of the nominal Mughal king Shah Alam ll who had a very small area extending from Delhi to Palam. Thus Mughals were only a small protectorate under the suzerainty of The Great Maratha Confederation from 1771 to 1818. This period saw three nominal Mughal kings who were but puppets of Marathas, viz, Shah Alam ll, Akbar Shah ll, and Bahadur Shah ll.  The last Mughal king Bahadur Shah II joined hands with Nana Saheb Peshwa (s/o Peshwa Baji Rao ll) and many others and revolted against the Government of EICo in 1857 after which he was exiled to Rangoon and the Mughal throne ceased to exist.  The administration of India was transferred to the British Crown after the rebellion of 1857, which is called the first war of Indian independence.

The cabinet of the Peshwa government consisted 8 ministers who were together called Ashtapradhans though independently they were called by other post names. One speciality of the empire is that not only the monarch was hereditary but so also the prime minister and other ministers and another speciality is, most of the time, the cabinet meeting was held by not the ministers but by their deputies who would represent them. Most of them were absentee ministers but the empire-state machinery worked very efficiently without any corruption in spite of these odds. The inspiration for their sincerity was devotion to the Chatrapathi who received as much love and respect as God. In fact, he was demi God for them.

So, there was a gap of 47 years between The Mughal Empire and The Indian Kingdom headed by EICo and the gap (1771 to 1818) was filled by The Great Maratha Confederacy. So, the rightful predecessor of EICo is the Maratha Empire. The Government of EICo existed from 1818 to 1857 and its successor is the British Crown (1857 to 1947) after which came the short-lived Indian Dominion headed by a Governor-General (1947 to 1950) and finally The Republic of India (1950 till today).

Thus, the Marathas are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India.

East India Company and Raj 1785-1858

Parliament continued to control the East India Company by extending its charter for only twenty years at a time.

Those granted in 1793, 1813, 1833 and 1853 successively whittled away the Company’s commercial rights and trading monopolies.

Losing privileges:

Its last remaining monopoly over the China tea trade was abolished in 1833. Parliament allowed the Company to maintain its political and administrative duties in India, but the charter of 1813 included a clause asserting the Crown’s undoubted sovereignty over all of the Company’s territories and required it to open up India to Christian missionaries.

The 1833 Charter Act invested the Board of Control with full authority over the Company and further increased the power of the governor-general.

Gaining territory

Successive governors-general – particularly Marquess Wellesley (1798-1805), and the Marquess of Hastings (1813-23) – continued to add territory to the Company’s holdings in India through conquest and alliance.

By 1856, with the annexation of Oudh, all the Indian subcontinent up to the Himalayas, and much of Burma, was ruled directly by the Company itself or by local allied rulers.

Indian Rising

The Indian Mutiny erupted in May 1857, when sepoys rose up against the British in Meerut and then massacred all the British they could find in Delhi.

Uprisings spread throughout British India. It was estimated that less than 8,000 of nearly 140,000 sepoys remained loyal to the British. The conflicts of 1857 and 1858 were brutal and bloody, and lurid reports of massacres and atrocities circulated in newspapers and illustrated magazines in Britain.

The British dispatched more troops to India and eventually succeeded in putting down the mutiny, resorting to merciless tactics to restore order. The large city of Delhi was left in ruins. And many sepoys who had surrendered were executed by British troops.

Beginning of British Raj

Following the Indian Mutiny, the East India Company was abolished and the British crown assumed full rule of India.

Reforms were instituted, which included tolerance of religion and the recruitment of Indians into the civil service. While the reforms sought to avoid further rebellions through conciliation, the British military in India was also strengthened.

Historians have noted that the British government never actually intended to take control of India, but when British interests were threatened the government had to step in.

The embodiment of the new British rule in India was the office of the Viceroy.

British control of India would continue, mostly peacefully, throughout the remainder of the 19th century. It wasn’t until Lord Curzon became Viceroy in 1898, and instituted some very unpopular policies, that an Indian nationalist movement began to stir.

The Indian National Congress

The foundation of the Indian National Congress in 1885 as an all India, secular political party, is widely regarded as a key turning point in formalizing opposition to the Raj.

It developed from its elite intellectual middle-class confines, and a moderate, loyalist agenda, to become by the inter-war years, a mass organization.

It was an organization which, despite the tremendous diversity of the sub-continent, was remarkable in achieving broad consensus over the decades.

Yet it was not a homogenous organization and was often dominated by factionalism and opposing political strategies. This was exemplified by its splintering in 1907 into the so-called ‘moderate’ and ‘extremist’ wings, which reunited 10 years later.

There was also a split within Congress between those who believed that violence was a justifiable weapon in the fight against imperial oppression (whose most iconic figure was Subhas Chandra Bose, who went on to form the Indian National Army), and those who stressed non-violence.

The towering figure in this latter group was Mahatma Gandhi, who introduced a seismic new idiom of opposition in the shape of non-violent non-cooperation or ‘satyagraha’ (meaning ‘truth’ or ‘soul’ force’).

Please like and follow if you want to know more about Indian freedom struggle, and topics like, who was responsible for Partition of India? Impacts of Partition? What is POK dispute and who is responsible for it? etc

Astrology

This Blog is not intended to encourage false hopes or beliefs, this is intended to explain that Astrology is not Fake, it is a science originated in India which very well works.

What is Astrology? Is it real or fake?

We all know and believe in Astronomy. Astronomy is basically the study of the universe and its contents outside of Earth’s atmosphere. Basically positions, motions, and properties of planetary bodies.

Astrology is the study of astronomy how those positions, motions, and properties of planetary bodies affect people and events on Earth.

Now coming to the point if its real or Fake.
To figure that out, lets look at the below questions.

When did Indian Astrology Originate? And Indian sages figure out that Earth is a Sphere and all planets have elliptical orbits and revolve around the SUN?

Indian astrology is regarded as the oldest system of astrology known to mankind. As per the estimates from Puranic Time and the Archaeological Record, the Indian ancient astrology has the age of about 5000 BC. History of Astrology has its root in the Vedas of Hindu that are the oldest scriptures in the world. The Vedas has six supplements also known as Vedangas or the limbs of the vedas. Jyotish Vedanga–Vedic astronomy and astrology on which the Indian ancient astrology is based is one of these.

Ancient sages like Vashistha, Bhrgu, and Garga were the masters of astrology and made many predictions that were true. Then before the beginning of Kali Yug (present time around 3102 BC) sage Parasara wrote the astrology text called Brhad Parasara Hora Sastra. Which has the concept of planets(grahas), constellations (Rashi’s and Nakshatra’s), Luner Nodes (Rahu-Ketu), and details on how to do the calculations.  Parasara also taught it to his disciple sage Maitreya and so on. In this way the Indian astrology made a long journey. Then Indian astrology from India traveled to Persian, then to Babylonians. From this civilization to Greeks, Romans and Egyptians.

When did Modern Science determine Earth is a sphere and it revolves around SUN?

A practical demonstration of Earth’s sphericity was achieved by Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano’s expedition’s circumnavigation (1519–1522). It was not until the 17th century that a mathematical model of a heliocentric system was presented, by Nicolaus Copernicus, leading to the Copernican Revolution. In the following century, Johannes Kepler introduced elliptical orbits, and Galileo Galilei presented supporting observations made using a telescope.

The point of mentioning the above is, Our modern science has figured out that Earth is round and it revolves around the SUN pretty recently in 16th century. While Vedic Astrology already had the understanding of how solar system works, but also had mathematical formulas to determine the precise location of planets and stars at any given point in time. Which is amazing.

Now, refer to the image below, the image is from the book “A BRIEF HISTORY of TIME, by Stephen Hawking. “

This is a snapshot from “A brief history of Time – By Stephen Hawking”

Laplace, believed that just as we can find the state of solar system by using Newton’s laws. There are some other set of rules with which we can determine everything else including human behavior. Astrology is that set of laws.

Indian Ancient Astrology has six branches.

  1. Gola: Positional astronomy
  2. Ganita: Mathematical calculations to find Gola
  3. Jataka: Natal astrology
  4. Prasna: Answering question based on the time it is asked
  5. Muhurta: Auspicious time to start anything
  6. Nimitta: Omens and portents

It is believed that, with the help of Indian Astrology the actual traits of an individual, marital compatibility and the future, can be determined – based on the position of planets at the time and place of birth.

Now, your belief if its real or fake actually depends on whom you are consulting with. 99 experts out of 100 are fake out there, just wanting to earn money.

I have personally witnessed many incidents where Astrologer was able to determine the exact time period when an incident would happen(death, job change, imprisonment, child birth etc).

The future and past can be figured out but how much can it be changed is still debatable.

Its like your boss is Mad at you, you can try out bringing breakfast for him or may be take him out for a beer, but it is still dicey, he may or may not make up with you, there is no guarantee.  Other option is, you focus on your work, don’t care about your boss, one day your boss will notice you or he will change or you will change the job with your ability that you gained by working hard. That will change your destiny.

Same is the case with planets. So do not loose a fortune to get that ring or some kind of weird rituals, as it might or might not work (Its just like trying to make your Boss happy by doing something out of the way for him). Best thing you can do is be more aware and cautious. Continue doing what you are best at and believe in yourself. Karma is “As you sow, so shall you reap”.

For example –

Your children are watching, how you behave. They are like a sponge and absorbing everything. So be prepared to get the exact thing back when they get older. If you are doing good you will get all that good back. If not, then do not blame their friends, Manage your expectations, putting on a astrological ring is not going to help much, changing your attitude will.

One can never get more then his destiny and before the right time. The best we can do is stay focused and keep working towards your goals, If you really want to achieve something the whole universe will conspire to get that thing to you. Just keep working on it. Don’t worry too much about astrological remedies and changing the future.

Here I will try to explain the basic concept of one branch of Indian Astrology, Jataka or Natal Astrology. In this method, we make a Natal Chart, also called as Janam Kundali or Birth Chart.

The Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra is the most comprehensive extant work on “natal astrology” in Hindu astrology ascribed to any Rishi or sage. The text says that this work was created by Sage Parashara, father of Vedavyasa who was the compiler of the Epic Mahabharata for the benefit of Kaliyuga. An English translation was published by N.N. Krishna Rau and V.B. Choudhari in 1963, in two volumes.

The Natal Chart nothing but the map of the celestial sphere(or the sky) visible from the point at which the child is born and at that exact point of time. (this is astronomy, nothing fancy about it).

The fancy part is given below, as per the Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra the celestial sphere or the 360 degree sky map is divided in 12 equal parts.

(why 12 and why not any other number? Let me know in comments if you would like to know).

Each part is 30 degree (360/12 = 30). Each of this part is called a house and covers 30 degree of the sky map. Each house is assigned a department of life. Now based on which planet is where and in what direction is it moving Natal Astrology determines the outline of the person’s life in future. To determine what is going on in that person’s life in a particular year, month or a day can be determined by calculating the relative positions of the planets at that time. The relative position of the planet in a birth chart is determined by taking the Birth chart as starting point.

Below is the explanation of a birth chart or Natal Chart.

Birth Chart:

A picture of the celestial sphere at the point in time and place where the child is born.

Hence, to prepare a correct kundali, its very important to provide the correct Location of Birth, Time of Birth and Date of Birth.

The First House

The First House is referred to as the House of Self.

Who are you? What will you become? How do you realize your best self? The First House speaks to the realization of one’s ultimate potential. This process of becoming a unique individual is one of the greatest contributions we make to the world in which we live.

The distinct qualities that we possess are often referred to as ‘personality’. The First House addresses the individual and their comportment and approach to life. In other words, the sum total of one’s being. This is the package we give to the world. The packaging itself, or our outer being, is also governed by the First House — the physical body and the way in which we present ourselves and, in particular, the head and face.

The First House also rules early childhood. Everything from our earliest steps to our view of the emerging world is considered here. How will we develop? What is our view on life? It all begins at the beginning (the First House) and serves to shape us for the rest of our life.

Which areas of our lives does First house affect? The answer is, this house affects them all. Its primary function is to speak of us in the physical world, with its ruler being our main representative in the zodiac. In the practical sense, this means that the planet ruling the sign in which your Ascendant lies, represents you, with all your energy, potential, and relationships seen through the position and aspects it makes.

The first house is the basic connection we have to our body and the incarnation we are in at the moment. This is exactly why it is the most important window into our world of karmic debt and represents the level of ease or hardship we have to go through in order to evolve in this lifetime. If one has a challenge seen through planets set in the first house or its ruler, it becomes obvious that they have a task to resolve and a debt to repay while in this body. Each positive aspect, or a planet in its strong dignity, will speak of gifts we have gathered in previous lifetimes or through our family tree, whatever your chosen perspective.

The important thing to understand here is that there are no bad aspects or positions. Even though certain things can steal a lot of our energy, make us exhausted, depressed or weak, every challenge carries an enormous amount of energy released inside us once it is resolved. Fear of negative aspects simply means we have a lot left to learn, and we are not yet aware of the fact that we have already been living our challenges throughout our entire life.

The First House is ruled by Aries and the planet Mars.

The Second House

Matters of the second house are matters of personal belongings, possessions we want to have in this lifetime, and the food we love to eat. It represents the point that defines the first, materialistic goal of our existence. What you really want? Or what will actually make you feel complete from inside? Or what is your purpose?

For example: If we believe, Money is the real thing that will bring us happiness and make us feel satisfied, or complete. As soon as we start making money, we can be sure we are in some kind of correlation with our true selves.

However, if we are still not satisfied, we probably haven’t followed our true calling that will someday make us complete. Whatever our situation, the second house speaks of our level of personal fulfillment through material matters, the way we accept them, and the way they satisfy our inner hunger.

The Third House:

The Third House is commonly referred to as the House of Communication.  Communication here can be both written and verbal, it also has a conscious quality to it.

The third house is a place of brothers and sisters and all relatives and family members that our genetic material isn’t in closest connection to. It represents our mind, our way of thinking, writing and reasoning, in a way speaking of our human, rational side that makes us more or less smart for practical or less practical issues in life. This is a house greatly influenced by the element of the sign it falls into, as it strongly relates to emotions when it begins in a Water sign, proactive fiery thoughts when in Fire, practical side in Earth, and social contacts in Air signs.

Other than these, the third house is also a house of transportation and active learning through seminars, short educational courses, or certificated trainings. It represents our early education on the elementary school level, intelligence and closely linked ability for happiness and childish joy. It is a place where our neighbors live, and a house of short travel and local trips, hikes, or walks. Among other things, it is our car with all of its characteristics, color and brand, as well as our hiking outdoor equipment. In addition, it will be in sync with technical equipment we often use in our everyday activities, especially if they are means of communication, such as laptops or mobile phones, or any other gadget that we put our hands on

The Fourth House:

The Fourth House is commonly referred to as the House of Home. When we think of home, we think of that place where we put down our roots. We lay our foundation and plant ourselves firmly into the Earth, as it were. One day, we will return to that very same Earth. The Fourth House brings things full circle by also addressing old age, endings and our final resting place.

Helping to create the home we make are our parents, for it is they who greatly nurture and shape our being. Therefore, the Fourth House can also be thought of as the House of the Mother, the Parent or the Nurturer.

Not only does it say everything we need to know about our upbringing and the home we grew up in, but it also points out the most important issues we have built in relation to the parent of opposite sex. It is the house of heritage and all things we hold dear, and we will often see people with accented fourth house as collectors who stick to their routine, and have a certain fear of change deeply rooted in their need to stick to peaceful, homey feelings and choices.

Looking at things from a strictly tangible point of view, we can see that the Fourth House also encompasses physical structures (houses) and real estate. The Fourth House represents family, history and traditions. All of these contribute to the process of becoming a true, actualized and individualized self. This is how we come home.

Although it is often mistaken for the house of tradition, we have to understand that fourth house represents closeness. Tradition itself is seen through the sign of Capricorn and the opposing tenth house, as something that gives the ultimate feeling of responsibility, recognized through respect of the elders, and among them – our ancestry. Fourth house in its core can be linked to family traditions that serve only to keep the family together, and only for as long as they don’t bring spasm into one’s world and the feeling of strong responsibility that doesn’t feel good. The best way to understand matters of the fourth house in their most beautiful light is through closeness we have with our mother, and those we laugh with, caress, care for, and those that thaw our hearts in the hardest of times.

This is the house that represents our emotional core and our ability to be satisfied, happy and smile from the heart. It is a house of home, family, motherly feelings, as well as our private business, how clean and innocent we feel, and our ability to open up. It is our final destination as the house that represents our grave, and our starting point seen though genes we chose for this lifetime, there to close the circle of one life from its beginning to end.

The Fourth House is ruled by Cancer and the Moon.

The Fifth House:

The Fifth House is commonly referred to as the House of Pleasure.

Anything that give you pleasure or make you happy. As happiness for everyone is different.

Some think its money, but once they earn it they feel empty, basically they is not the real happiness for them.

In addition, the house rules the first child of the native, and planets that are present there can reveal the gender and the character of the child. Also, these planets and the sign where the fifth house cusp is positioned can show the sign of the child and the planetary influences that prevail in it. The second child is ruled by the 7th house, the third child by the 9th house and so on. The native’s fertility is easily observed through the sign and planets located in the house too.

We can see how lucky a person is by looking at this house. Everyone gets opportunities in life, but will you be able to grab the

opportunity by being present at the right place at the right time depends on this house.

The Fifth House is ruled by Leo and the Sun.

Sixth House:

The Sixth House is commonly referred to as the House of Health.

The Sixth House is ruled by Virgo and the planet Mercury.

The Sixth House also addresses the daily dealings of life: what will I wear today? Do I need a haircut? Has the dog been fed? These simple matters keep our engines humming and enable us to do the more important work of our choosing. It’s a patchwork quilt: the ability to serve others in health and through work, which is both valuable and fulfilling.

It also represents all helpers that come into our lives, starting from our employees, cleaners, babysitters and cooks, to all of our pets who help us hang on to our healthy routine and ground us with their inability to wonder off into mental spheres.

Seventh House:

The seventh is considered as the house responsible for relationships and partnerships between the native and other people. 

The Seventh House is ruled by Libra and the planet Venus.

Eighth House:

t is considered the house of sex, taboos, of other people’s money, death and rebirth. It rules inheritances, legacies, and wills. In addition, the house is one of the gates towards the occult world and is mostly connected with conscious magick and mysticism. The 8th house is the great teacher of the mysteries of life and existence. It is the realm of transformative experiences.

The Eighth House is ruled by Scorpio and the planets Mars and Pluto.

Ninth House:
The Ninth House is commonly referred to as the House of Philosophy. In keeping with that theme, it’s our search for meaning that is the focal point here. By virtue of exploring our world, we start to grasp everything that is available to us. It all boils down to understanding: understanding what we see and feel, and probing further in hopes of realizing true meaning. Hence Higher Education.

Sadly, we might not always be humble in the face of what we have. A concrete understanding of the possibilities in life may well lead to ruthless ambition and greed, and an over-expansion of the self. To face these demons most effectively in society, we institute laws. These laws provide for the orderly and positive growth of that society. In much the same way, philosophy and religion help add focus and purpose to a productive society. How members of a society relate, and knowing and respecting the laws by which they live, are core tenets of the Ninth House.

The Ninth House is ruled by Sagittarius and the planet Jupiter.

Tenth House:

The Tenth House is commonly referred to as the House of Social Status. It is about the place we have attained in our social (or work/career) grouping and in society as a whole. Think status, the authority it conveys, and consequently, the role we take in our community. It also speaks to any promotions we receive, any fame we may have or will come to have and the types of business and social activities in which we partake. With respect to achievement, this house focuses on how we see ourselves and how the community as a whole sees us (and our efforts). Through this house, we work on manifesting ourselves.

The Tenth House is ruled by Capricorn and the planet Saturn.

The Eleventh House

The Eleventh House is commonly referred to as the House of Friends. Through our friends, we find strength in numbers — we see the power of the collective, the group. Groups addressed by this house include clubs, organizations, social groups, networking organizations and professional associations. The focus here is on the activities we undertake within these groups, how we make a difference and as a result, how we grow and actualize our true selves. Further, it’s the group, by virtue of its collective strength, which helps to define what we as individuals will do. The Eleventh House also governs stepchildren, foster children and adopted children.

The Eleventh House is ruled by Aquarius and the planets Saturn and Uranus.

The Twelfth House:

The Twelfth House is commonly referred to as the House of the Unconscious. The unconscious state can help engender our successes, as well as assist us in coping with our failures. Success vs. failure: do we consciously confront our lives or subconsciously sweep things under the proverbial rug? This house might more aptly be called the House of Reckoning, since it is in the Twelfth that we review what we have been (and done) and decide where we go from there. Along with these unconscious musings, we also deliberate on strengths and weaknesses that are hidden from public view.

The Twelfth House is ruled by Pisces and the planets Jupiter and Neptune.

What are the Zodiac Signs? What are Planets? what do you mean by tatva or nature of planets? how did this logic came into existence? does this have any relation to astronomy? just some how let me know if you are interested to know more, feel free to comments if you have questions..

Twelve Zodiac Signs or Astrology Signs (Rashis) and their Lord Planets or Ruling Planets

Rashi (Zodiac Sign or Astrology Sign) Swami Graha (Lord Planet or Ruling Planet)
1. Maish (Aries) Mangal (Mars)
2. Vrish (Taurus) Shukra (Venus)
3. Mithun (Gemini) Budh (Mercury)
4. Kark (Cancer) Chandra (Moon)
5. Singh (Leo) Surya (Sun)
6. Kanya (Virgo) Budh (Mercury)
7. Tula (Libra) Shukra(Venus)
8. Vrishchik (Scorpio) Mangal (Mars)
9. Dhanu (Sagittarius) Guru (Jupiter)
10. Makar (Capricorn) Shani (Saturn)
11. Kumbh (Aquarius) Shani (Saturn)
12. Meen (Pisces) Guru (Jupiter)

Grahas and corresponding Tatvas:

Graha Tatva
Surya (Sun) Fire (Agni)  – Krura (merciless) planet
Mangal (Mars) Fire (Agni) – Krura (merciless) planet
Chandra (Moon) Water (Jal)
Shukra (Venus) Water (Jal)
Buddha (Mercury) Earch (Prathvi)
Brihaspati (Guru or Jupitor) Sky (Aakash)
Shani (Saturn) Air (Vaayu)
Rahu Air (Vaayu)
Ketu Air (Vaayu)

Rashi and corresponding Tatvas

Fire Earth Air Water
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12

Male Planets: Sun (Surya), Mars (Mangal), Jupiter (Brihaspati or Guru)

Female Planets: Chandra, Shukra

Male Child yoga creating planets – Rahu+Jupitor

Female Child Yoga creating planets – Rahu, Ketu, Shani, BuddhaU

Let me know if you liked the post and want to learn more about astrology. We can discuss about how the predictions work with examples as well.
Topics like how to check wealth in your birth chart, or health or education etc.

Subhas Chandra Bose

On the occasion of 123rd Birthday of the great leader, I wanted to share my views, hence the Blog. If you are interested in some interesting facts and hypothesis please read on.

The son of a wealthy and prominent Bengali lawyer Janakinath Bose (father) and Prabhavati Devi (mother), Subhash Chandra Bose was always good in academics, stood second in matriculation exam in 1913. He studied at Presidency College, Calcutta (Kolkata), from which he was expelled in 1916 for nationalist activities, and the Scottish Churches College (graduating in 1919).

He then was sent by his parents to the University of Cambridge in England to prepare for the Indian Civil Service. In 1920 he stood fourth in the civil service (ICS) examination, but in April 1921, after hearing of the nationalist turmoil in India, he resigned his candidacy and hurried back to India.

He could have easily led a comfortable and successful life if he wanted.  But he chose to fight for Indian independence instead, and struggled through out his life.

I have often read and heard people saying, if Bose would be the First PM, then India would be a great Country. I Do not agree with that, and here are the reasons.

The mystery surrounding his death has created a mythology around him. Which brings up an image of Bose as a super soldier who was a strategic genius.

The reality is, Bose was not trained in any military academy. In 1943 with help of Japanese royal administration, he formed the Indian National Army(INA) with Indian war prisoners who had served with the British Indian army. The INA was not a bunch of super soldiers either. It was a militia and were poorly trained and equipped.

It was also in October 1943 that he formed a provisional government, one that had been recognized by the Axis Powers during the Second World War.

Militarily, the Japanese considered Bose unskilled and at best mediocre. Bose was charismatic, brave and patriotic. But, he was no military or strategic genius and had no qualms abandoning the people he recruited, for example in Germany. The Japanese did not use the INA till the very end when their situation was desperate. Till then the INA was used only for reconnaissance. In the battles that the INA was deployed, they were routed. Keep in mind, they were up against the military that later became the Indian and Pakistani military.

INA attacked parts of northeastern India and were able to capture a few portions. However, in the end, the INA was forced to surrender owing to inclement weather and Japanese policies. Bose, however, was not one to surrender. He attempted to flee and renew his struggle yet again. He escaped on a plane from the Taihoku Airport but he never made it. It is said that his plane crashed at Formosa, now known as Taiwan. At that time Formosa was ruled by the Japanese. He is said to have suffered third-degree burns and went into a coma and never came out of it. He died on 18 August 1945. However, many among his supporters, especially in Bengal, refused at the time, and have refused since, to believe either the fact or the circumstances of his death. Conspiracy theories appeared within hours of his death and have thereafter had a long shelf life, keeping alive various martial myths about Bose.[

What kind of India we would get if we would have got freedom from Netaji’s ways?

Subhash Chandra Bose was being helped by Nazi Germany and Japanese royal administration. Bose becoming the PM is a realistic scenario only in the case of an Axis(Hitler) victory in World War 2. If Axis powers would win the WW2, Germany and USA would have emerged as a super power.(Instead of USA and USSR). And Ultimately USA would have made peace with Germany.

India would be a easy target for Hitler, why would he pass on the opportunity to make india one of its own colony. Leaders of the INC would have all been shot in one day. You are not dealing with the Brits anymore. The Nazis were fundamentally opposed to democracy. This is clearly mentioned in Hitler autobiography.

The Nazis would quickly categorize the Indian communities based on the caste system and skin colour. The fair skinned and ‘upper’ caste Indians might be reduced to second class citizens, serving the Nazi overlords. The Nazis would probably extend their ‘cleansing’ programme to include the darker skinned communities in India. They would probably used for slave labour and the rest would just be killed off. They would also come after the small Jewish community that is left in India. Pseudo nationalists who would hope that the Nazis would do the same to the Muslims will be bitterly disappointed. Hitler was a great admirer of Islam.

Bose will helplessly see all this happen as a leader with no real powers and live or resist and be shot!

Netaji, without a shadow of a doubt, remains one of the most key figures in the history of India’s independence. He played a crucial role in freeing the country from the clutches of 200 years of British rule in his own inimitable way, much like the other leading lights of the day such as Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. Till the last day of his life as an active freedom fighter he kept the spirit of fighting the British – even at the time of his death he was planning to migrate to Russia and find a new way to combat the British – and it is this persistence and patriotic fervor that needs to be respected more than anything else.